Portugal's golden visa remains one of Europe's best-known residency-by-investment routes — but the qualifying options have changed in recent years. Here's how it works in 2026 and what to check before you commit.
What the golden visa gives you
It is a residence-by-investment programme: a qualifying investment leads to a renewable residence permit, with limited physical-stay requirements, and — after the required period and conditions — a potential path to permanent residence or citizenship. It suits investors who want EU residency without relocating full-time.
What still qualifies
The eligible routes have been narrowed, and some previously popular options (notably certain real-estate categories) have been restricted or removed. Commonly discussed routes now centre on qualifying funds and other approved investment or contribution categories.
The rules have changed more than once, and amounts and categories are set by regulation. Verify the current qualifying routes and figures with a lawyer before transferring any money.
The residency obligation
A defining feature is the low minimum-stay requirement compared with ordinary residence — you generally need to spend only limited time in Portugal each year to keep the permit valid. This is what makes it attractive to people who can't relocate immediately.
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The process in outline
- Get a Portuguese tax number (NIF) and open a bank account;
- Make the qualifying investment through an approved route;
- Compile the application with the required documents and clean criminal record;
- Submit, attend biometrics, and renew on the required schedule.
The path to citizenship
After holding residency for the required number of years and meeting the conditions (which can include a basic language requirement), golden-visa holders may apply for permanent residence or citizenship. Confirm the current period and conditions, as these can change.
Frequently asked questions
Can I still get it through real estate?
Real-estate routes have been restricted; do not assume a property purchase qualifies. Check the current approved routes before planning around property.
Do I have to live in Portugal?
No — only a limited minimum stay is required to maintain the permit, which is the programme's main appeal.
Does it lead to an EU passport?
It can lead toward citizenship after the required years and conditions are met, subject to the rules in force at the time.